APLIKASI KAEDAH-KAEDAH FIQH DALAM ISU-ISU SEMASA PANDEMIK COVID-19

APPLICATION OF FIQH RULES IN CURRENT PENDEMIC COVID-19 ISSUES

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic that hits the world today has killed more than a million victims and infected millions more. History will record this pandemic as the greatest catastrophe of the 21st century that has changed the structure of human life as never before. Various challenges are experienced by human beings during the disaster and they witness the beginning of what is known as the new norm in human life both individually and as a society. As a religion that is Syamil (complete) and salih (relevant) in all times and places, the teachings of Islam become a guide that can be used in facing all the challenges of the new era and provide answers and solutions to current issues of Pandemic Covid-19. This article discusses the application of the principles and methods of fiqh used as a guide and answers to various questions faced by society. The study uses a qualitative research methodology through library research by analyzing primary and secondary documents such as classical reference books (kutub turath), as well as academic writings in journals and articles. The findings of the study show that the principles of Islamic teachings gathered in the methods of fiqh (qawaid fiqhiyyah) become a reference in determining a law of issues that currently occur. This is proof that the elasticity of Islamic law is able to face various current issues that are constantly changing. The principles of thawabit (issues in Islamic law which remain unchanged) and mutaghayyirat (changable issues) are still taken into account as a basis of reference in Islamic law.       Pandemik Covid-19 yang melanda dunia hari ini telah mengorbankan lebih sejuta mangsa meninggal dan menjangkiti jutaan lagi manusia. Sejarah akan mencatat musibah ini sebagai musibah terbesar abad 21 yang telah mengubah struktur kehidupan manusia yang belum pernah berlaku sebelum ini. Pelbagai cabaran dialami manusia semasa musibah berlaku dan bermula lah apa yang dikenali sebagai norma baharu dalam hidup manusia sama ada secara individu mahupun masyarakat. Sebagai agama yang Syamil (lengkap) dan salih likulli zaman wa makan (sesuai dengan segala zaman dan tempat), ajaran Islam (Syarak) menjadi panduan yang dapat digunapakai dalam mendepani segala cabaran era baharu dan memberi jawapan (solusi) bagi isu-isu semasa Pandemik Covid-19. Artikel ini membincangkan aplikasi prinsip-prinsip (kaedah) fiqh yang digunapakai sebagai panduan dan jawapan pelbagai persoalan yang dihadapi masyarakat. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kajian kualitatif iaitu menggunakan kajian perpustakaan dengan menganalisis dokumen primer dan sekundar seperti kitab rujukan (turath), serta penulisan akademik di dalam jurnal dan artikel. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa prinsip ajaran syarak yang terhimpun dalam kaedah fiqh menjadi rujukan dalam menentukan sesebuah hukum isu-isu yang berlaku. Ini menjadi bukti bahawa keanjalan hukum syarak mampu mendepani pelbagai isu semasa yang sentiasa berubah. Prinsip thawabit (yang kekal tidak berubah) dan mutaghayyirat (yang berubah) tetap diambil kira sebagai satu dasar rujukan dalam hukum hakam syarak.