HIBAH TAKAFUL SEBAGAI PENYELESAIAN PENGURUSAN HARTA PASANGAN ISLAM BUKAN WARGANEGARA DI MALAYSIA

HIBAH TAKAFUL AS A WEALTH MANAGEMENT SOLUTION NON-CITIZEN ISLAMIC COUPLE IN MALAYSIA

الملخص

For Malaysian citizens, the application and distribution of inheritance worth not exceeding RM5 million is under the jurisdiction of the Small Inheritance Distribution Unit (JKPTG). However, the question arises whether non-citizen Muslim couples also enjoy the same rights and administrative facilities in the small inheritance claim process. Therefore, this study aims to identify the methods of property management for non-citizen Muslim couples and examine the challenges faced in the claim process. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection through semi-structured interviews involving two informants, namely a syariah lawyer and an assistant director of small inheritance who were selected using purposive sampling techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using thematic analysis methods. The study findings prove that the takaful hibah by the husband to the non-citizen wife is the best solution to ensure the continuity of the wife's life after the husband's death. In addition, the study findings show that the main challenges in the inheritance claim of non-citizen Muslim couples include issues of ownership rights of immovable property as well as complex and time-consuming administrative procedures. In this regard, this study proposes that a clear, systematic and user-friendly administrative guideline be introduced, in addition to encouraging the use of hibah takaful as an estate planning method to guarantee the rights and justice of non-citizen Muslim spouses in the management of small inheritances.

Abstrak

Bagi warganegara Malaysia, permohonan dan pembahagian harta pusaka yang bernilai tidak melebihi RM5 juta adalah di bawah bidang kuasa Unit Pembahagian Pusaka Kecil (JKPTG). Walau bagaimanapun, timbul persoalan sama ada pasangan Islam bukan warganegara turut menikmati hak dan kemudahan pentadbiran yang sama dalam proses tuntutan harta pusaka kecil. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kaedah pengurusan harta bagi pasangan Islam bukan warganegara serta meneliti cabaran yang dihadapi dalam proses tuntutan tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui temu bual separa berstruktur melibatkan dua orang informan, iaitu seorang peguam syarie dan seorang penolong pengarah pusaka kecil yang dipilih menggunakan teknik persampelan bertujuan (purposive sampling). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis tematik. Dapatan kajian membuktikan bahawa hibah takaful oleh suami terhadap isteri bukan warganegara merupakan kaedah penyelesaian yang terbaik bagi menjamin kelangsungan kehidupan isteri selepas kematian suami. Selain itu, dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa cabaran utama dalam tuntutan harta pusaka pasangan Islam bukan warganegara merangkumi isu hak pemilikan harta tak alih serta prosedur pentadbiran yang kompleks dan memakan masa. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini mencadangkan agar satu garis panduan pentadbiran yang jelas, sistematik dan mesra pengguna diperkenalkan, di samping menggalakkan penggunaan hibah takaful sebagai kaedah perancangan harta bagi menjamin hak dan keadilan pasangan Islam bukan warganegara dalam pengurusan harta pusaka kecil.