PENDEKATAN FIQH AL-HADITH DALAM APLIKASI SYARIAH: SATU TINJAUAN KONSEPTUAL
SYARIAH APPLICATION THROUGH FIQH AL-HADITH APPROACH: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
الكلمات المفتاحية:
Fiqh al-Hadith، Aplikasi Syariah، al-Sunnah، Metodologi Syariah، Maqasid Syariah، Syariah Application، Syariah Methodologyالملخص
The application of Shariah law is rooted in the Qur'an and the Sunnah as the major sources of Islamic law, and the Prophetic hadiths are crucial in elucidating and implementing the legal pronouncements. Nevertheless, the present-day Shariah debate very often shows a mainly textual and deconstructed use of hadith without a systematic Fiqh al-Hadith approach. Such a situation can lead to legal applications that are not fully aware of the context, the multiplicity of narrations, and the objectives of Islamic law. Thus, this paper goes back to Shariah application and suggests a Fiqh al-Hadith-Based Framework for Shariah Application as a methodological foundation. Utilizing a qualitative doctrinal method, the research evaluates the basic concepts of Fiqh al-Hadith, such as the knowledge of asbāb al-wurūd, rectification of seemingly opposing hadith, distinguishing between the textual scope, taking into account the intention of the legislator, and the linking of hadith with qiyas and maqasid al-sharī’ah. It is shown that the introduction of the framework results in increased consistency, significance, and equilibrium in today's Shariah application while still adhering to the sources of revelation. The paper contends that the application of a rigorous Fiqh al-Hadith method is necessary for the production of Shariah applications that are connected, intent-driven, and in tune with the times.
Abstrak
Aplikasi Syariah berpaksikan al-Quran dan al-Sunnah sebagai sumber utama pembentukan hukum Islam dengan hadith Nabi SAW memainkan peranan penting dalam menjelaskan dan melengkapkan kefahaman terhadap kehendak syarak. Namun demikian, dalam wacana Syariah kontemporari, penggunaan hadith sering kali bersifat tekstual dan terpisah daripada pendekatan Fiqh al-Hadith yang sistematik, sekali gus berpotensi menghasilkan aplikasi hukum yang kurang mengambil kira konteks, kepelbagaian riwayat serta tujuan pensyariatan. Sehubungan itu, kertas ini bertujuan menilai semula aplikasi Syariah dengan mengemukakan Kerangka Aplikasi Syariah Berteraskan Fiqh al-Hadith sebagai asas metodologi. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui analisis doktrinal terhadap prinsip-prinsip teras Fiqh al-Hadith, termasuk kefahaman asbāb al-wurūd, penyelarasan antara hadith yang kelihatan bertentangan, pembezaan skop lafaz, pertimbangan maqasid syariah serta integrasi hadith, qiyās dan maqasid al-sharī’ah. Perbincangan menunjukkan bahawa kerangka yang dicadangkan berupaya memperkukuh konsistensi, relevansi dan keseimbangan dalam aplikasi Syariah kontemporari, tanpa menjejaskan kesetiaan terhadap sumber wahyu. Kertas ini berhujah bahawa penerapan Fiqh al-Hadith secara berdisiplin merupakan prasyarat penting ke arah aplikasi Syariah yang lebih bersepadu, berorientasikan tujuan dan responsif terhadap realiti semasa.
التنزيلات
